Unlimitedapps ANIMAL husbandry theory

(1ai)
-Cattle
-Fowl
(1b )
TABULATE
Inhalation :
-Sternum moves forward
-Diaphragm contracts and flattens out
-Intercostal muscles contract thus raised
Exhalation:
-Sternum moves backward
-Diaphragm relaxes and returns to its dome shape
-Intercostal muscles relax and the ribs are lowered
(1c )
-Scrotum : It protects the testes
-Seminal vesicle : It involved in the production of fluid that makes up the semen
(1d )
-The vulva becomes large, red and swollen
-Frequent urination and tail shaking
-There is undue noise making or bellowing
2a)
-Both involves the rearing of farm animal
-Both systems involve normal routines eg feeding,watering etc
-Both systems involve normal practices eg mating
-Both provide housing systems eg cages
2b)
-Vaccination
-Clean water and feeding
-Environmental sanitation
2c)
-Vaccines
-Feeds
-Waterers/feeders

3b]Methods of rangeland improvement
(i) Rotational grazing:
- Rangeland is divided into units called paddocks.
- Animals are grazed on each paddock on rotational basis.
- Grazing in the rangeland should be planned and strictly adhered to.
- The previously grazed paddock should regenerate before the animals are returned there.
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(ii) Reseeding
*.This is planting seeds of grasses and legumes in a depleted rangeland.
*.It is a way to improve the quality of the pasture with improved seeds of legumes and grasses.
*.The rangeland is allowed to rest for good growth of the sown grass and legume species.
(iii) Controlled stocking:
*.Number of animals in the range should be controlled.
*.Rangeland should be stocked to its maximum carrying capacity.
*.Overstocking should be avoided to check depletion of rangeland
*.Overstocking should be discouraged to prevent disease, pest and parasites infestations.
*.Overstocking may lead to soil degradation/erosion.
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4a)
i)Breeding genomes to improve health, adaptability, and production.
ii) It Improves adaptability of animals to climate change and disease
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iii) It leads to Improve in livestock breeds to allow greater feed efficiency and other desirable traits.
iv) It Ensure Only Animals( New Offspring ) With Desirable Character Are Produced.
v) It Leads To Increase In The Cattle Rearer Income...
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4b)
i) The use of genetics not usually available on a local basis therefore artificial insemination is used.
ii) The production of replacement heifers with superior genetics call for the use of artificial insemination.
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iii) The need for fewer bulls in the breeding season.
iv)Higher growth performance and calf value.
The production of calves for specialty markets such as club calves.

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